Endemics in Family Order

Acanthaceae
Justicia galapagana

Aizoaceae
Sesuvium edmondstonii

Amaranthaceae
Alternanthera filifolia
Alternanthera flavicoma
Alternanthera galapagensis
Alternanthera helleri
Alternanthera nesiotes
Alternanthera snodgrassii
Amaranthus anderssonii
Amaranthus furcatus
Amaranthus sclerantoides
Blutaparon rigidum
Froelichia juncea
Froelichia nudicaulis
Lithophila radicata
Lithophila subscaposa
Pleuropetalum darwinii

Apiaceae
Hydrocotyle galapagensis

Apocynaceae
Sarcostemma angustissimum
Vallesia pubescens

Asteraceae
Acmella darwinii
Baccharis steetzii
Blainvillea tenuicaulis
Chrysanthellum fagerlindii
Chrysanthellum pusillum
Darwiniothamnus
Darwiniothamnus alternifolius
Darwiniothamnus lancifolius
Darwiniothamnus tenuifolius
Delilia inelegans
Delilia repens
Encelia hispida
Jaegeria gracilis
Lecocarpus
Lecocarpus darwinii
Lecocarpus lecocarpoides
Lecocarpus leptolobus
Lecocarpus pinnatifidus
Macraea
Macraea laricifolia
Pectis subsquarrosa
Pectis tenuifolia
Scalesia
Scalesia affinis
Scalesia aspera
Scalesia atractyloides
Scalesia bauri
Scalesia cordata
Scalesia crockeri
Scalesia divisa
Scalesia gordilloi
Scalesia helleri
Scalesia incisa
Scalesia microcephala
Scalesia pedunculata
Scalesia retroflexa
Scalesia stewartii
Scalesia villosa

Boraginaceae
Cordia anderssonii
Cordia leucophlyctis
Cordia revoluta
Cordia scouleri
Heliotropium anderssonii
Tiquilia darwinii
Tiquilia fusca
Tiquilia galapagoa
Tiquilia nesiotica
Tournefortia pubescens
Tournefortia rufo-sericea

Bromeliaceae
Racinaea insularis

Burseraceae
Bursera malacophylla

Cactaceae
Brachycereus
Brachycereus nesioticus
Jasminocereus
Jasminocereus thouarsii
Opuntia echios
Opuntia galapageia
Opuntia helleri
Opuntia insularis
Opuntia megasperma
Opuntia saxicola

Caryophyllaceae
Drymaria monticola

Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea habeliana
Ipomoea linearifolia
Ipomoea tubiflora
Cuscuta acuta
Cuscuta gymnocarpa

Cucurbitaceae
Sicyocaulis
Sicyocaulis pentagonus
Sicyos villosus

Cyatheaceae
Cyathea weatherbyana

Cyperaceae
Cyperus anderssonii
Cyperus grandifolius

Dryopteridaceae
Megalastrum pleiosoros

Ericaceae
Pernettya howellii

Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha abingdonii
Acalypha baurii
Acalypha parvula
Acalypha wigginsii
Chamaesyce abdita
Chamaesyce amplexicaulis
Chamaesyce galapageia
Chamaesyce nummularia
Chamaesyce punctulata
Chamaesyce recurva
Chamaesyce viminea
Croton scouleri
Euphorbia equisetiformis

Fabaceae
Dalea tenuicaulis
Phaseolus mollis

Iridaceae
Sisyrinchium galapagense

Lamiaceae
Hyptis gymnocaulos
Salvia prostrata
Salvia pseudoserotina

Linaceae
Linum cratericola
Linum harlingii

Lycopodiaceae
Huperzia galapagensis

Malvaceae
Abutilon depauperatum
Fuertesimalva insularis
Gossypium darwinii
Gossypium klotzschianum

Melastomataceae
Miconia robinsoniana

Mimosaceae
Acacia rorudiana

Molluginaceae
Mollugo crockeri
Mollugo flavescens
Mollugo floriana
Mollugo snodgrassii

Myrtaceae
Psidium galapageium

Nyctaginaceae
Pisonia floribunda

Orchidaceae
Cranichis lichenophila
Cranichis werffii
Cyclopogon werffii
Epidendrum spicatum

Passifloraceae
Passiflora colinvauxii
Passiflora tridactylites

Piperaceae
Peperomia galapagensis
Peperomia obtusilimba
Peperomia petiolata

Plantaginaceae
Plantago galapagensis

Poaceae
Aristida divulsa
Aristida repens
Aristida subspicata
Aristida villosa
Cenchrus platyacanthus
Paspalum galapageium
Paspalum redundans
Pennisetum pauperum
Trichoneura lindleyana
Trisetum howellii
Urochloa multiculma

Polygalaceae
Polygala anderssonii
Polygala galapageia
Polygala sancti-georgii

Polygonaceae
Polygonum galapagense

Polypodiaceae
Polypodium insularum
Polypodium tridens

Portulacaceae
Calandrinia galapagosa
Portulaca howellii

Pteridaceae
Notholaena galapagensis

Rubiaceae
Borreria dispersa
Borreria ericaefolia
Borreria linearifolia
Borreria perpusilla
Borreria rotundifolia
Borreria suberecta
Galium galapagoense
Psychotria angustata
Psychotria rufipes

Santalaceae
Phoradendron henslovii

Sapindaceae
Cardiospermum galapageium

Scrophulariaceae
Galvezia leucantha

Simaroubaceae
Castela galapageia

Solanaceae
Capsicum galapagoense
Exodeconus miersii
Iochroma ellipticum
Jaltomata werffii
Lycium minimum
Nolana galapagensis
Physalis galapagoensis
Solanum cheesmaniae
Solanum galapagense

Urticaceae
Pilea baurii

Verbenaceae
Lantana peduncularis
Lippia rosmarinifolia
Lippia salicifolia
Verbena grisea
Verbena sedula
Verbena townsendii

Zygophyllaceae
Kallstroemia adscendens


Endemics in Alphabetical Order

Abutilon depauperatum
Acacia rorudiana
Acalypha abingdonii
Acalypha baurii
Acalypha parvula
Acalypha wigginsii
Acmella darwinii
Alternanthera filifolia
Alternanthera flavicoma
Alternanthera galapagensis
Alternanthera helleri
Alternanthera nesiotes
Alternanthera snodgrassii
Amaranthus anderssonii
Amaranthus furcatus
Amaranthus sclerantoides
Aristida divulsa
Aristida repens
Aristida subspicata
Aristida villosa
Baccharis steetzii
Blainvillea tenuicaulis
Blutaparon rigidum
Borreria dispersa
Borreria ericaefolia
Borreria linearifolia
Borreria perpusilla
Borreria rotundifolia
Borreria suberecta
Brachycereus
Brachycereus nesioticus
Bursera malacophylla
Calandrinia galapagosa
Capsicum galapagoense
Cardiospermum galapageium
Castela galapageia
Cenchrus platyacanthus
Chamaesyce abdita
Chamaesyce amplexicaulis
Chamaesyce galapageia
Chamaesyce nummularia
Chamaesyce punctulata
Chamaesyce recurva
Chamaesyce viminea
Chrysanthellum fagerlindii
Chrysanthellum pusillum
Cordia anderssonii
Cordia leucophlyctis
Cordia revoluta
Cordia scouleri
Cranichis lichenophila
Cranichis werffii
Croton scouleri
Cuscuta acuta
Cuscuta gymnocarpa
Cyathea weatherbyana
Cyclopogon werffii
Cyperus anderssonii
Cyperus grandifolius
Dalea tenuicaulis
Darwiniothamnus
Darwiniothamnus alternifolius
Darwiniothamnus lancifolius
Darwiniothamnus tenuifolius
Delilia inelegans
Delilia repens
Drymaria monticola
Encelia hispida
Epidendrum spicatum
Euphorbia equisetiformis
Exodeconus miersii
Froelichia juncea
Froelichia nudicaulis
Fuertesimalva insularis
Galium galapagoense
Galvezia leucantha
Gossypium darwinii
Gossypium klotzschianum
Heliotropium anderssonii
Huperzia galapagensis
Hydrocotyle galapagensis
Hyptis gymnocaulos
Iochroma ellipticum
Ipomoea habeliana
Ipomoea linearifolia
Ipomoea tubiflora
Jaegeria gracilis
Jaltomata werffii
Jasminocereus
Jasminocereus thouarsii
Justicia galapagana
Kallstroemia adscendens
Lantana peduncularis
Lecocarpus
Lecocarpus darwinii
Lecocarpus lecocarpoides
Lecocarpus leptolobus
Lecocarpus pinnatifidus
Linum cratericola
Linum harlingii
Lippia rosmarinifolia
Lippia salicifolia
Lithophila radicata
Lithophila subscaposa
Lycium minimum
Macraea
Macraea laricifolia
Megalastrum pleiosoros
Miconia robinsoniana
Mollugo crockeri
Mollugo flavescens
Mollugo floriana
Mollugo snodgrassii
Nolana galapagensis
Notholaena galapagensis
Opuntia echios
Opuntia galapageia
Opuntia helleri
Opuntia insularis
Opuntia megasperma
Opuntia saxicola
Paspalum galapageium
Paspalum redundans
Passiflora colinvauxii
Passiflora tridactylites
Pectis subsquarrosa
Pectis tenuifolia
Pennisetum pauperum
Peperomia galapagensis
Peperomia obtusilimba
Peperomia petiolata
Pernettya howellii
Phaseolus mollis
Phoradendron henslovii
Physalis galapagoensis
Pilea baurii
Pisonia floribunda
Plantago galapagensis
Pleuropetalum darwinii
Polygala anderssonii
Polygala galapageia
Polygala sancti-georgii
Polygonum galapagense
Polypodium insularum
Polypodium tridens
Portulaca howellii
Psidium galapageium
Psychotria angustata
Psychotria rufipes
Racinaea insularis
Salvia prostrata
Salvia pseudoserotina
Sarcostemma angustissimum
Scalesia
Scalesia affinis
Scalesia aspera
Scalesia atractyloides
Scalesia bauri
Scalesia cordata
Scalesia crockeri
Scalesia divisa
Scalesia gordilloi
Scalesia helleri
Scalesia incisa
Scalesia microcephala
Scalesia pedunculata
Scalesia retroflexa
Scalesia stewartii
Scalesia villosa
Sesuvium edmondstonii
Sicyocaulis
Sicyocaulis pentagonus
Sicyos villosus
Sisyrinchium galapagense
Solanum cheesmaniae
Solanum galapagense
Tiquilia darwinii
Tiquilia fusca
Tiquilia galapagoa
Tiquilia nesiotica
Tournefortia pubescens
Tournefortia rufo-sericea
Trichoneura lindleyana
Trisetum howellii
Urochloa multiculma
Vallesia pubescens
Verbena grisea
Verbena sedula
Verbena townsendii


Summary

Included here is the Galapagos archipelago - a group of 121 Pacific islands all of volcanic origin. However, only about 13 are large enough to support extensive vegetation and of these, Isabela is the largest with an area of 4588 ha

Of the endemic vascular plants so far recorded there are about 182 species in 99 genera and 50 families. There are seven endemic genera (marked red) but no endemic families, although members of the family Nolanaceae are confined to the west coast of South America. However, this list only includes those endemic plants with an IUCN threat status. In total there are reported to be over 230 endemic species and sub-species, and so further information is required.

References

Balgooy, Van. M. M. J. 1960. Preliminary plant geographical analysis of the Pacific. Blumea, 10: 385-430.

Balgooy, Van. M. M. J. 1969. A study of the diversity of island floras. Blumea, 17: 139-178.

Grehan, J. 2001. Biogeography and evolution of the Galapagos: integration of the biological and geological evidence. Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 74: 267-287.

Lawesson, J. E. 1990. Threatened plant species and priority plant conservation sites in the Galapagos Islands. Monographs in Systematic Botany, 32: 153-167.

Loope, L. L., Hamann, O. & Stone, C. P. 1988. Comparative conservation biology of oceanic archipelagoes - Hawaii and the Galapagos. Bioscience, 38: 272-282.

McMullen, C. K. 1999. Flowering plants of the Galapagos. Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press.

Stebbins, G. L. 1966. Variation and adaptation in Galápagos plants. In: The Galápagos. Proceedings of the Symposia of the Galápagos International Scientific Project. Ed. R. I. Bowman. University of California Press.

Tye, A. The status of the endemic flora of Galapagos: the number of threatened species is increasing.  Biodiversity and Biophysical Resourses. Galapagos Report 2006-2007. Charles Darwin Foundation.

Wiggins, I. L. 1966. Origins and relationships of the flora of the Galápagos islands. In: The Galápagos. Proceedings of the Symposia of the Galápagos International Scientific Project. Ed. R. I. Bowman. University of California Press.